Moonchess: vanishing tic-tac-toe, online and practice modes
Online play over WebSockets with any-string game codes, seats and spectators, and a 1-second heartbeat. Practice mode against Columbina, backed by a full solver, with an accuracy slider, spoilers, undo and piece freshness. Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <[email protected]>
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"""Moonchess server: serves the page and runs live games over WebSockets.
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Any string works as a game code. Joining a code with no game creates one, and a game
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is deleted as soon as nobody is connected to it.
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Seating: each room keeps a list of slots. Slots 0 and 1 are the players (X and O),
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everything after is spectators. A new connection takes the earliest empty slot,
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so when a player drops, whoever connects next -- including a spectator who
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refreshes fast enough -- inherits their seat. That is intentional.
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"""
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import argparse
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import asyncio
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import logging
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import time
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from pathlib import Path
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from aiohttp import WSMsgType, web
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from game import Game
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STATIC_DIR = Path(__file__).parent / "static"
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STALE_AFTER = 2.0 # seconds without a message before a seat shows as disconnected
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HEARTBEAT_TIMEOUT = 4.0 # seconds without a message before a client is dropped
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MAX_ROOMS = 10_000
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MAX_CODE_LENGTH = 32
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CLOSE_INVALID_CODE = 4400
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CLOSE_SERVER_FULL = 4503
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MAX_MESSAGE_SIZE = 4096 # bytes; real messages are tiny, larger ones close the connection
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log = logging.getLogger("moonchess")
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class Client:
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def __init__(self, ws, client_id):
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self.ws = ws
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self.client_id = client_id
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self.last_seen = time.monotonic()
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class Room:
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def __init__(self, token):
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self.token = token
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self.game = Game()
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self.slots = [] # Client or None
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self.last_seats = None # seat_status() as of the last broadcast
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def join(self, client):
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# A reconnect from the same page load reclaims its own not-yet-reaped slot.
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for i, c in enumerate(self.slots):
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if c is not None and client.client_id and c.client_id == client.client_id:
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self.slots[i] = client
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asyncio.ensure_future(c.ws.close())
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return
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for i, c in enumerate(self.slots):
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if c is None:
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self.slots[i] = client
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return
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self.slots.append(client)
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def leave(self, client):
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if client not in self.slots:
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return False
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i = self.slots.index(client)
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self.slots[i] = None
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if i < 2:
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self.game.rematch_votes.discard(i)
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while len(self.slots) > 2 and self.slots[-1] is None:
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self.slots.pop()
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return True
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def connected(self):
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return [c for c in self.slots if c is not None]
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def seat_of(self, client):
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i = self.slots.index(client)
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return i if i < 2 else None
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def players_present(self):
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return [len(self.slots) > i and self.slots[i] is not None for i in (0, 1)]
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def seat_status(self):
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"""'connected', 'disconnected' (silent but not yet dropped) or 'empty' per seat."""
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now = time.monotonic()
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status = []
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for i in (0, 1):
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c = self.slots[i] if len(self.slots) > i else None
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if c is None:
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status.append("empty")
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elif now - c.last_seen > STALE_AFTER:
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status.append("disconnected")
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else:
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status.append("connected")
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return status
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async def broadcast(self):
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self.last_seats = self.seat_status()
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base = {
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"type": "state",
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"token": self.token,
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"first": self.game.first,
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"players": self.last_seats,
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"spectators": sum(1 for c in self.slots[2:] if c is not None),
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**self.game.to_dict(),
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}
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for c in self.connected():
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try:
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await c.ws.send_json({**base, "seat": self.seat_of(c)})
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except (ConnectionError, RuntimeError):
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pass # the reaper or the handler will clean it up
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rooms: dict[str, Room] = {}
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def normalize_code(raw):
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"""Case-insensitive, with surrounding and repeated whitespace ignored."""
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return " ".join(raw.split()).upper()
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async def index(request):
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return web.FileResponse(STATIC_DIR / "index.html")
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async def game_socket(request):
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code = normalize_code(request.query.get("game", ""))
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ws = web.WebSocketResponse(max_msg_size=MAX_MESSAGE_SIZE)
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await ws.prepare(request)
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if not 0 < len(code) <= MAX_CODE_LENGTH:
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await ws.close(code=CLOSE_INVALID_CODE,
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message=f"Codes must be 1-{MAX_CODE_LENGTH} characters".encode())
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return ws
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room = rooms.get(code)
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if room is None:
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if len(rooms) >= MAX_ROOMS:
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await ws.close(code=CLOSE_SERVER_FULL, message=b"Server is full, try again later")
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return ws
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room = rooms[code] = Room(code)
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log.info("created room %r (%d rooms)", code, len(rooms))
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client = Client(ws, request.query.get("client", "")[:64])
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room.join(client)
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await room.broadcast()
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try:
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async for msg in ws:
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if msg.type != WSMsgType.TEXT:
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continue
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client.last_seen = time.monotonic()
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try:
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data = msg.json()
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except ValueError:
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continue
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if not isinstance(data, dict):
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continue
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kind = data.get("type")
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if kind == "ping":
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await ws.send_json({"type": "pong"})
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continue
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if client not in room.slots:
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break # reaped or replaced while this message was in flight
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seat = room.seat_of(client)
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if seat is None:
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continue # spectators can't act
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if kind == "move":
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if not all(room.players_present()):
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error = "Waiting for an opponent"
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else:
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error = room.game.play(seat, data.get("cell"))
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if error:
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await ws.send_json({"type": "error", "message": error})
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else:
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await room.broadcast()
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elif kind == "rematch":
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room.game.vote_rematch(seat)
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await room.broadcast()
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finally:
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if room.leave(client) and not delete_if_empty(room):
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await room.broadcast()
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return ws
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def delete_if_empty(room):
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if room.connected():
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return False
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if rooms.get(room.token) is room:
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del rooms[room.token]
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log.info("deleted empty room %r (%d rooms)", room.token, len(rooms))
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return True
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async def reaper(app):
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"""Drop silent clients, announce seats going quiet, and delete abandoned rooms."""
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while True:
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await asyncio.sleep(1)
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now = time.monotonic()
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for room in list(rooms.values()):
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changed = False
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for c in room.connected():
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if now - c.last_seen > HEARTBEAT_TIMEOUT:
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room.leave(c)
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asyncio.ensure_future(c.ws.close())
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changed = True
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if delete_if_empty(room):
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continue
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if changed or room.seat_status() != room.last_seats:
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await room.broadcast()
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async def start_reaper(app):
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task = asyncio.create_task(reaper(app))
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yield
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task.cancel()
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@web.middleware
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async def no_cache(request, handler):
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# Keep Cloudflare and browsers from serving stale copies after an update.
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response = await handler(request)
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if not isinstance(response, web.WebSocketResponse):
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response.headers["Cache-Control"] = "no-cache"
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return response
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def make_app():
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app = web.Application(middlewares=[no_cache])
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app.router.add_get("/", index)
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app.router.add_get("/ws", game_socket)
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app.router.add_static("/static", STATIC_DIR)
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app.cleanup_ctx.append(start_reaper)
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return app
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if __name__ == "__main__":
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parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description="Moonchess server")
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parser.add_argument("--host", default="127.0.0.1")
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parser.add_argument("--port", type=int, default=8080)
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args = parser.parse_args()
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logging.basicConfig(level=logging.INFO, format="%(asctime)s %(message)s")
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web.run_app(make_app(), host=args.host, port=args.port)
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